Quality Evaluation of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma in Different Production Methods Based on Traditional Traits / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveBased on the experience of traditional quality evaluation， the quality of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma（AMR） with different production methods such as direct seeding， transplanting after seedling raising， topping and non-topping， and difference in growth years was compared. MethodVernier caliper was used to measure the trait data of AMR in different production methods. Paraffin sections of AMR with different production methods were made by saffron solid green staining， and the microstructure was observed. The contents of water-soluble and alcohol-soluble extracts in AMR with different production methods were determined according to the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The content of water-soluble total polysaccharides in AMR with different production methods was detected by sulfuric acid-anthrone method. Fiber analyzer was used to detect the content of fiber components in AMR with different production methods. The contents of monosaccharides， oligosaccharides and some secondary metabolites in AMR with different production methods were detected by ultra performance liquid chromatography（UPLC）， and the differences of chemical components were compared by multivariate statistical analysis methods such as principal component analysis（PCA） and partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA）. ResultIn terms of traits， the 3-year-old AMR with direct seeding and without topping was close to the high-quality AMR with "phoenix-head and crane-neck， strong sweetness and clear aroma" recorded in ancient materia medica， followed by the 3-year-old AMR with topping after transplanting， while the 2-year-old AMR with topping after transplanting with high market circulation rate was generally fat and strong with mild odor. In the microscopic aspect， the arrangement of xylem vessels and fiber bundles in the 3-year-old samples formed two obvious rings. Compared with the 2-year-old samples cultivated in Bozhou and Zhejiang， the 3-year-old samples without topping after transplanting had more wood fibers. In terms of chemical composition， the contents of 70% ethanol extract， fructose， glucose， sucrose， 1-kestose， atractylenolide Ⅰ， chlorogenic acid， neochlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid and other components in 3-year-old AMR with direct seeding and without topping were significantly higher than those in the other three samples（P<0.05）. The contents of cellulose， 70% ethanol extract， sucrose， atractylenolide Ⅰ， atractylone and other components in 3-year-old AMR with topping after transplanting were significantly higher than those in the 2-year-old AMR with high market circulation rate（P<0.05）， while the contents of water-soluble extract and water-soluble total polysaccharides in 2-year-old samples with topping after transplanting were significantly higher than those in the 3-year-old AMR with topping after transplanting， direct seeding and without topping（P<0.05）. ConclusionUnder the current mainstream production mode， too much manual intervention makes AMR heavily enriched in polysaccharides and increased the yield， but the accumulation of sweet substances， fragrant substances and fiber substances is insufficient， which affects its quality. The current quality standard of AMR has some shortcomings in guiding the high quality production of it， it is suggested to revise the quality standard of AMR， supplement the quantitative analysis of secondary metabolites， and strengthen the production of imitation wild AMR.

Fasudil exerts a protective effect on down-regulation of IL-6 expression by inhibiting the NOTCH signaling pathway in EAM mice / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To explore the effect and mechanism of Fasudil in the treatment of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in mice so as to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical use of Fasudil in treating myocarditis. 【Methods】 Balb/c male mice were used as the research objects, and the EAM mice model was constructed using MyHC-α614-629 polypeptide. Mononuclear cells were isolated and cultured to detect the number of mononuclear cells in mouse spleen. Inflammation infiltration, fibrosis and IL-6 expression in mouse myocardial tissue were detected by HE staining, Masson staining and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The protein expressions of Notch1 and IL-6 were detected by Western blotting. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expressions of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6) as well as key genes of TLRs and NOTCH signaling pathway. 【Results】 EAM mice showed increased HW, decreased BW, increased HW/e-BW, and increased inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis in myocardial tissue. The above-mentioned symptoms or pathological features were improved in EAM mice treated with Fasudil. The analysis showed that the pro-inflammatory factors IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the myocardial tissue of EAM mice were significantly increased, but only the expression of IL-6 was statistically different after Fasudil treatment compared with the control group. In addition, TLRs signaling pathway might also play an important role in the EAM mice treated with Fasudil. The expressions of IL-6 and Notch1 were consistent, and the expressions of the key genes of NOTCH signaling pathway (Notch1, Hes1 and Jag2) were down-regulated after Fasudil treatment. 【Conclusion】 Fasudil exerts a protective effect on down-regulation of IL-6 expression by inhibiting the NOTCH signaling pathway in EAM mice.

Psychological condition and personality characteristics of patients with erectile dysfunction in various age groups / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the differences of psychological condition of erectile dysfunction (ED) patients in different age groups.Methods:The emotion, personality and interpersonal relationship outpatients with ED were evaluated by the method of Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). A retrospective analysis was conducted and a total of 401 ED patients (aged 20-60) were divided into 4 groups [20-29(n=158), 30-39(n=182), 40-49(n=38), 50-60 (n=23)years old] from July 2018 to July 2019. The erectile function of the patients was evaluated by the international erectile function scale (IIEF-5). The symptoms of hostility, anxiety, psychotic, horrible, paranoid, obsession, somatization, interpersonal relationship and depression were evaluated by SCL-90. Furthermore, STAI was used to distinguish whether the patients had state or trait anxiety. Then EPQ was used to analyze the personality types of patients. The differences of SCL-90, STAI and EPQ between the patients and the national norm group were analyzed by the two sample t-test. The variance analysis was conducted to compare the score differences of scales among different age groups of ED patients. The chi square test was conducted to compare the distribution differences of personality types among different age groups. Results:The scores of hostility(1.64±0.67, t=4.81, P<0.001), anxiety(1.58±0.66, t=6.83, P<0.001), psychotic(1.62±0.68, t=11.87, P<0.001), paranoid(1.55±0.66, t=3.58, P=0.0004), obsession(1.95±0.70, t=9.56, P<0.001), somatization(1.43±0.58, t=2.10, P=0.036), interpersonal relationship(1.74±0.74, t=2.79, P=0.005), depression (1.66±0.74, t=4.50, P<0.001)and the total scores (1.53±0.63, t=3.07, P=0.002)of SCL-90 in the patient group were significantly higher than those of the national norm group, and there were significant differences in the scores of interpersonal relationship among different age groups(1.72±0.78, 1.65±0.69, 1.58±0.92, 1.43±0.59, F=2.84, P=0.038). The scores of state anxiety( t=7.35, P<0.001), trait anxiety ( t=6.31, P<0.001)and the total scores ( t=8.41, P<0.001)of STAI in the patient group were significantly higher than those of the national norm, and there were significant differences in the scores of state anxiety( F=5.29, P=0.001), trait anxiety ( F=5.54, P<0.001)and total scores ( F=5.66, P<0.001)among different age groups. There were significant increases in the scores of psychoticism( t=30.56, P<0.001), emotion( t=45.94, P<0.001), extraversion and introversion( t=11.72, P<0.001), concealment factors ( t=29.16, P<0.001)and total scores ( t=30.56, P<0.001)in the patient group. The proportion of depressive personality was highest in the ED patients(n=183; 45.64%), but there was no significant difference in the distribution of personality types among different age groups[20-29(depressive, choleric, mucinous and sanguine): 76, 35, 26, 21; 30-39: 87, 40, 32, 23; 40-49: 14, 10, 6, 8; 50-60: 6, 9, 2, 6; χ 2=10.65, P=0.30]. Conclusions:ED patients have a series of abnormal emotions, somatized discomfort, sensitive interpersonal relationships, introverted and unstable emotionally personality characteristics. In addition, the younger the patients are, the more serious their anxiety are, the more sensitive their interpersonal relationships are, which may be related to their introverted personality characteristics and emotional instability.

Allicin enhances cytotoxicity of CPT-11 to colon cancer LoVo cell in vitro / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of allicin on human colon cancer cell line LoVo and the combined effect of allicin and CPT-11 on this cancer cell line.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The LoVo cells were cultured in vitro and treated with allicin in different concentrations. MTT assay was used to test dynamically the cell growth inhibiting effect. Apoptosis induction (Annexin-V-FITC/PI) and modulation of DNA cell cycle were measured by flow cytometry. The change of cytotoxicity of CPT-11 after combination of allicin at the concentration of 4.0, 8.0 mg x L(-1) were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Allicin had inhibitive effect on growth of LoVo cells in a dose and time dependent manner, with IC50 value of 32.23, 10.74, 6.58 mg x L(-1) at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively. The apoptosis rate of LoVo cells increased progressively as the cells were treated with increasing concentration of allicin in 24 h, while the apoptosis rate achieved peak value when the cells were treated with allicin at the concentration of 8 mg x L(-1) in 48 h. The result indicated the low concentrations of allicin (< 4 mg x L(-1)) lead to G2/M cell cycle arrest, and higer concentrations ( > 4 mg x L(-1)) exert G1 + G2/M cell cycle arrest in 24 h. Compared with single use of CPT-11, the combined use of CPT-11 and allicin (4.0, 8.0 mg x L(-1), respectively) showed increasing cytotoxicity on the LoVo cells, with IC50 of 24 h decreasing from 47.5 to 7.4 and 7.2 mg x L(-1), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Allicin has significant anti-proliferation effect on human colon cancer cell line LoVo by induction of apoptosis and arrestment of cell cycle and can enhance the cytotoxicity of CPT-11 on the colon cancer LoVo cell.</p>

Effect of silencing cyclin D1 gene on chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity in K562 cells in vitro / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective Cyclin D1 gene plays a significant role in regulating cell cycle progression.It is reported that over-expression of cyclin D1 gene is intimately associated with origination,development and prognosis of tumor and is associated with tumor cells resistance to chemotherapy drug.Suppression of cyclin D1 protein expression leads to cellular chemosensitization.This study was to determine whether this effect also existed in chronic leukemia cell line K562 by inhibiting the expression of cyclin D1 protein through RNA interference.Methods Plasmid vectors expressing small hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting at cyclin D1 gene were constructed and transfected into K562 cells by chitosan.Cyclin D1 protein was examined using Western Blotting analysis.The cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry.Cellular chemosensitization was evaluated by MTY assay.Results Expression of cyclin D1 protein was markedly down-regulated after transfection with pshRNA-419 and pshRNA-575 at 48 h.Down-regulation of cyclin D1 protein could affect the redistribution of cell cycle,induce apoptosis of K562 cells,decrease 50％inhibitoryconcentration (IC50) of adriamycin and enhance cellular chemosensitization.But there had no above biological effects observed after transfection with blank vector and control vector of m-pshRNA-790 at 48 h.ConclusionK562 cells could be chemosensitized by the down-regulation of cyclin D1 expression through RNA interference.

Study on RP-HPLC Chromatography Fingerprint of Radix Codonopsis of Different Age from Shanxi province / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective Chromatography fingerprint of Radix Codonopsis of different age from Shanxi province was studied to provide the reference for the science appraisal of intrinsic quality of Radix codonopsis. Method A RP-HPLC method was applied on GraceSmart-RP18 (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) column with acetonitrile-0.1% acetic acid gradient elution as mobile phase, and the flow-rate was 0.6 mL/min. The detection wavelength was at 268 nm and the column temperature was at 30 ℃. Result Chromatography fingerprint of Radix Codonopsis can demonstrate obviously the difference and the similarity of Radix Codonopsis of different age. The RSD were lower than 3% in the precision, stability and the repetitiveness trial, and the codonopsis pilosula alkyne glucoside can be used as the reference to identify the active composition of Radix Codonopsis. Conclusion The method was simple, reproducible and reliable. The integrity of fingerprint can be used to supply the reference for the quality control of Radix Codonopsis from Shanxi provice.

Study of Drying Methods of Forsythia Suspense Leaves / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective Better drying methods of Forsythia suspense leaves was studied to provide some basis for the development and utilization of Forsythia suspense leaves. Methods A RP-HPLC method was used on XTerraTMRP8 (3.9 mm?150 mm, 5 ?m) column with acetonitrile-0.1% acetic acid solution (12 : 88) as mobile phase for forsythoside. The detection wavelength of forsythoside was at 328 nm and detection temperature was 30 ℃. Results The contents of forsythoside was higher when dry, microwave drying, absorbent paper drying, steaming 2～10 min, cooking 2～10 min was used to deal with Forsythia suspense leaves. The contents of forsythoside was lower when dried, drying, infrared drying, vacuum drying was used to deal with Forsythia suspense leaves. Conclusion Steaming 2～10 min, cooking 2～ 10 min is more appropriate for drying of Forsythia suspense leaves, when factors of the contents of forsythoside, the cost and ease of operation were considerd.

Determination of astragaloside in serum with anisic acid by spectrophotofluorimetry / 北京大学学报(医学版)

Objective: To develop a new determination method of astrogaloside in s erum by spectrophotofluorimetry. Methods: The fluorescence char acteristics of astragaloside anisic reaction product were used to determine astragaloside in serum. Re sults: The reaction product of astrogaloside and anisic acid had excitatio n and emission maxima were at 320 and 387 nm, respectively. The linear range of determ inati on was between 0.2 and 40.0 mg*L －1. The detection limit was 0.02 mg*L －1.　The recovery of measurement was between 98.8% and 102.4%. Conclusion: The propos ed method has advantages of high sensitivity, low detection limit and no interference. It has been used to determine astragaloside in serum successfully.

Comparison of infrared spectra of biles from chicken and other common animals / 中草药

Object To study IR absorption spectra of the extracts from chicken bile possessed excellent anti inflammatory and anticancer activity so as to develop this valuable resource.Methods Bile samples from chickens and various animals were dried in the dark and subjected to IR analysis respectively. Results By comparison, significant difference was found between IR spectra of chicken bile and other animals' bile, but the IR spectra of various chicken bile showed very good consistency. Conclusion The IR spectra of chicken bile is independent of raising places, species, feeding fashion, sampling season and age of sampled chicken. It was suggested that the bile of various chicken contained same chemical composition and this result was confirmed by UV and TLC analysis.